Steps

0. Install and load libraries

1. Read in the data

There are 4 datasets to read in, Starbucks locations, Starbucks nutrition, US population by state, and US state abbreviations.

sb_locs <- read_csv("starbucks-locations.csv")

## Rows: 25600 Columns: 13
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (11): Brand, Store Number, Store Name, Ownership Type, Street Address, C...
## dbl  (2): Longitude, Latitude
## 
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.

sb_nutr <- read_csv("starbucks-menu-nutrition.csv")

## Rows: 205 Columns: 7
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (2): Item, Category
## dbl (5): Calories, Fat (g), Carb. (g), Fiber (g), Protein (g)
## 
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.

usa_pop <- read_csv("us_state_pop.csv")

## Rows: 55 Columns: 2
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (1): state
## dbl (1): population
## 
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.

usa_states<-read_csv("states.csv")

## Rows: 51 Columns: 2
## ── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
## Delimiter: ","
## chr (2): State, Abbreviation
## 
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
## ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.

2. Look at the data

Inspect each dataset to look at variable names and ensure it was imported correctly

head(sb_locs)

## # A tibble: 6 × 13
##   Brand     `Store Number` `Store Name`  `Ownership Type` `Street Address` City 
##   <chr>     <chr>          <chr>         <chr>            <chr>            <chr>
## 1 Starbucks 47370-257954   Meritxell, 96 Licensed         Av. Meritxell, … Ando…
## 2 Starbucks 22331-212325   Ajman Drive … Licensed         1 Street 69, Al… Ajman
## 3 Starbucks 47089-256771   Dana Mall     Licensed         Sheikh Khalifa … Ajman
## 4 Starbucks 22126-218024   Twofour 54    Licensed         Al Salam Street  Abu …
## 5 Starbucks 17127-178586   Al Ain Tower  Licensed         Khaldiya Area, … Abu …
## 6 Starbucks 17688-182164   Dalma Mall, … Licensed         Dalma Mall, Mus… Abu …
## # ℹ 7 more variables: `State/Province` <chr>, Country <chr>, Postcode <chr>,
## #   `Phone Number` <chr>, Timezone <chr>, Longitude <dbl>, Latitude <dbl>

str(sb_locs)

## spc_tbl_ [25,600 × 13] (S3: spec_tbl_df/tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
##  $ Brand         : chr [1:25600] "Starbucks" "Starbucks" "Starbucks" "Starbucks" ...
##  $ Store Number  : chr [1:25600] "47370-257954" "22331-212325" "47089-256771" "22126-218024" ...
##  $ Store Name    : chr [1:25600] "Meritxell, 96" "Ajman Drive Thru" "Dana Mall" "Twofour 54" ...
##  $ Ownership Type: chr [1:25600] "Licensed" "Licensed" "Licensed" "Licensed" ...
##  $ Street Address: chr [1:25600] "Av. Meritxell, 96" "1 Street 69, Al Jarf" "Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed St." "Al Salam Street" ...
##  $ City          : chr [1:25600] "Andorra la Vella" "Ajman" "Ajman" "Abu Dhabi" ...
##  $ State/Province: chr [1:25600] "7" "AJ" "AJ" "AZ" ...
##  $ Country       : chr [1:25600] "AD" "AE" "AE" "AE" ...
##  $ Postcode      : chr [1:25600] "AD500" NA NA NA ...
##  $ Phone Number  : chr [1:25600] "376818720" NA NA NA ...
##  $ Timezone      : chr [1:25600] "GMT+1:00 Europe/Andorra" "GMT+04:00 Asia/Dubai" "GMT+04:00 Asia/Dubai" "GMT+04:00 Asia/Dubai" ...
##  $ Longitude     : num [1:25600] 1.53 55.47 55.47 54.38 54.54 ...
##  $ Latitude      : num [1:25600] 42.5 25.4 25.4 24.5 24.5 ...
##  - attr(*, "spec")=
##   .. cols(
##   ..   Brand = col_character(),
##   ..   `Store Number` = col_character(),
##   ..   `Store Name` = col_character(),
##   ..   `Ownership Type` = col_character(),
##   ..   `Street Address` = col_character(),
##   ..   City = col_character(),
##   ..   `State/Province` = col_character(),
##   ..   Country = col_character(),
##   ..   Postcode = col_character(),
##   ..   `Phone Number` = col_character(),
##   ..   Timezone = col_character(),
##   ..   Longitude = col_double(),
##   ..   Latitude = col_double()
##   .. )
##  - attr(*, "problems")=<externalptr>

distinct(sb_locs, Country) |> pull(Country)

##  [1] "AD" "AE" "AR" "AT" "AU" "AW" "AZ" "BE" "BG" "BH" "BN" "BO" "BR" "BS" "CA"
## [16] "CH" "CL" "CN" "CO" "CR" "CW" "CY" "CZ" "DE" "DK" "EG" "ES" "FI" "FR" "GB"
## [31] "GR" "GT" "HU" "ID" "IE" "IN" "JO" "JP" "KH" "KR" "KW" "KZ" "LB" "LU" "MA"
## [46] "MC" "MX" "MY" "NL" "NO" "NZ" "OM" "PA" "PE" "PH" "PL" "PR" "PT" "QA" "RO"
## [61] "RU" "SA" "SE" "SG" "SK" "SV" "TH" "TR" "TT" "TW" "US" "VN" "ZA"

head(sb_nutr)

## # A tibble: 6 × 7
##   Item         Category Calories `Fat (g)` `Carb. (g)` `Fiber (g)` `Protein (g)`
##   <chr>        <chr>       <dbl>     <dbl>       <dbl>       <dbl>         <dbl>
## 1 Chonga Bagel Food          300         5          50           3            12
## 2 8-Grain Roll Food          380         6          70           7            10
## 3 Almond Croi… Food          410        22          45           3            10
## 4 Apple Fritt… Food          460        23          56           2             7
## 5 Banana Nut … Food          420        22          52           2             6
## 6 Blueberry M… Food          380        16          53           1             6

str(sb_nutr)

## spc_tbl_ [205 × 7] (S3: spec_tbl_df/tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
##  $ Item       : chr [1:205] "Chonga Bagel" "8-Grain Roll" "Almond Croissant" "Apple Fritter" ...
##  $ Category   : chr [1:205] "Food" "Food" "Food" "Food" ...
##  $ Calories   : num [1:205] 300 380 410 460 420 380 420 240 350 320 ...
##  $ Fat (g)    : num [1:205] 5 6 22 23 22 16 17 12 22 16 ...
##  $ Carb. (g)  : num [1:205] 50 70 45 56 52 53 61 28 38 36 ...
##  $ Fiber (g)  : num [1:205] 3 7 3 2 2 1 2 1 0 1 ...
##  $ Protein (g): num [1:205] 12 10 10 7 6 6 5 5 2 8 ...
##  - attr(*, "spec")=
##   .. cols(
##   ..   Item = col_character(),
##   ..   Category = col_character(),
##   ..   Calories = col_double(),
##   ..   `Fat (g)` = col_double(),
##   ..   `Carb. (g)` = col_double(),
##   ..   `Fiber (g)` = col_double(),
##   ..   `Protein (g)` = col_double()
##   .. )
##  - attr(*, "problems")=<externalptr>

head(usa_pop)

## # A tibble: 6 × 2
##   state      population
##   <chr>           <dbl>
## 1 Alabama       4779736
## 2 Alaska         710231
## 3 Arizona       6392017
## 4 Arkansas      2915918
## 5 California   37253956
## 6 Colorado      5029196

str(usa_pop)

## spc_tbl_ [55 × 2] (S3: spec_tbl_df/tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
##  $ state     : chr [1:55] "Alabama" "Alaska" "Arizona" "Arkansas" ...
##  $ population: num [1:55] 4779736 710231 6392017 2915918 37253956 ...
##  - attr(*, "spec")=
##   .. cols(
##   ..   state = col_character(),
##   ..   population = col_double()
##   .. )
##  - attr(*, "problems")=<externalptr>

head(usa_states)

## # A tibble: 6 × 2
##   State      Abbreviation
##   <chr>      <chr>       
## 1 Alabama    AL          
## 2 Alaska     AK          
## 3 Arizona    AZ          
## 4 Arkansas   AR          
## 5 California CA          
## 6 Colorado   CO

str(usa_states)

## spc_tbl_ [51 × 2] (S3: spec_tbl_df/tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
##  $ State       : chr [1:51] "Alabama" "Alaska" "Arizona" "Arkansas" ...
##  $ Abbreviation: chr [1:51] "AL" "AK" "AZ" "AR" ...
##  - attr(*, "spec")=
##   .. cols(
##   ..   State = col_character(),
##   ..   Abbreviation = col_character()
##   .. )
##  - attr(*, "problems")=<externalptr>

3. Format the data

Subset Starbucks data to the US.
Create counts of Starbucks stores by state.
Merge population in with the store count by state.
Inspect the range values for each variable.

sb_usa <- sb_locs |> filter(Country == "US")
sb_locs_state <- sb_usa |>
  group_by(`State/Province`) |>
  rename(Abbreviation = `State/Province`) |>
  summarize(Count = n())

# need state abbreviations
usa_pop_abbr <- usa_states |> 
  full_join(usa_pop, 
            by = c("State" = "state")) 

sb_locs_state <- full_join(usa_pop_abbr, sb_locs_state, by = "Abbreviation")
sb_locs_state

## # A tibble: 55 × 4
##    State                Abbreviation population Count
##    <chr>                <chr>             <dbl> <int>
##  1 Alabama              AL              4779736    85
##  2 Alaska               AK               710231    49
##  3 Arizona              AZ              6392017   488
##  4 Arkansas             AR              2915918    55
##  5 California           CA             37253956  2821
##  6 Colorado             CO              5029196   481
##  7 Connecticut          CT              3574097   123
##  8 Delaware             DE               897934    25
##  9 District of Columbia DC               601723    91
## 10 Florida              FL             18801310   694
## # ℹ 45 more rows

summary(sb_locs_state)

##     State           Abbreviation         population           Count       
##  Length:55          Length:55          Min.   :   56882   Min.   :   8.0  
##  Class :character   Class :character   1st Qu.: 1344331   1st Qu.:  56.5  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Median : 3751351   Median : 123.0  
##                                        Mean   : 5677621   Mean   : 266.8  
##                                        3rd Qu.: 6515716   3rd Qu.: 332.0  
##                                        Max.   :37253956   Max.   :2821.0  
##                                                           NA's   :4

4. Use `ggplotly` for EDA

Answer the following questions:

Are the number of Starbucks proportional to the population of a state? (scatterplot)
Is the caloric distribution of Starbucks menu items different for drinks and food? (histogram)
What are the top 20 words in Starbucks menu items? (bar plot)

p1 <- ggplot(sb_locs_state, aes(x = population, y = Count)) +
  geom_point() +
  theme_minimal() +
  labs(x = "Population", y = "Number of Starbucks Stores", title = "Starbucks Stores vs. State Population") +
  geom_smooth()

ggplotly(p1)

## Warning: Removed 4 rows containing non-finite values (`stat_smooth()`).

The number of Starbucks is possitively proportional to the population of a state.

p2 <- ggplot(sb_nutr, aes(x = Calories, fill = Category)) +
  geom_histogram(position = "identity", alpha = 0.8, bins = 30) +
  theme_minimal() +
  labs(x = "Calories", y = "Count", title = "Caloric Distribution of Starbucks Menu Items")

ggplotly(p2)

The caloric distribution of Starbucks menu items is different for drinks and food. Food tends to have higher calories.

p3<- sb_nutr |>
  unnest_tokens(word, Item) |>
  count(word, sort = TRUE) |>
  head(20) |>
  ggplot(aes(x = reorder(word, n), y = n))+
  geom_col()+
  coord_flip()+
  labs(x = "Frequency", y = "Word", title = "Top 20 Words in Starbucks Menu Items")

ggplotly(p3)

5. Scatterplots using `plot_ly()`

Create a scatterplot using plot_ly() representing the relationship between calories and carbs
Color points by category

cal_carbs_plot <- sb_nutr |>
  plot_ly(x = ~Calories, y = ~`Carb. (g)`,
          type = 'scatter', 
          mode = 'markers', 
          color = ~Category,
          marker = list(sizemode='diameter')) |>
  layout(title = "Relationship between Calories and Carbs",
         xaxis = list(title = "Calories"),
         yaxis = list(title = "Carbs"))

cal_carbs_plot

Create this scatterplot but for the items consisting of the top 10 words
Color again by category
Add hoverinfo specifying the word in the item name
Add layout information to title the chart and the axes
Enable hovermode = "compare"

top_10 <- sb_nutr |>
  unnest_tokens(word, Item) |>
  count(word, sort = TRUE) |>
  head(10) |>
  select(word) |>
  unlist()

sb_nutr_top_words <- sb_nutr |>
  mutate(contains_word = str_detect(Item, regex(paste(top_10, collapse = "|"), ignore_case = TRUE))) |>
  filter(contains_word == TRUE)

cal_carb_top_words <- sb_nutr_top_words |>
  plot_ly(x = ~Calories, y = ~`Carb. (g)`,
          type = 'scatter',
          mode = 'markers',
          color = ~Category,
          hoverinfo = 'text',
          text = ~paste("Item:", Item),
          marker = list(sizemode='diameter')) |>
  layout(title = "Calories vs Carbs for Items with Top 10 Words ",
  xaxis = list(title = "Calories"),
  yaxis = list(title = "Carbs"),
  hovermode = "compare")

cal_carb_top_words

6. `plot_ly` Boxplots

Create a boxplot of all of the nutritional variables in groups by the 10 item words.

7. 3D Scatterplot

Create a 3D scatterplot between Calories, Carbs, and Protein for the items containing the top 10 words
Do you see any patterns?

sb_nutr_top_words |>
  plot_ly(x = ~Calories, y = ~`Carb. (g)`, z = ~`Protein (g)`,
          type = 'scatter3d', mode = 'markers',
          sizes = c(5, 70),
          marker = list(sizemode='area', opacity=0.5)) |>
  layout(title = '3D Scatterplot of Nutrition Facts for Top Word Items',
         scene = list(xaxis = list(title = 'Calories'),
                      yaxis = list(title = 'Carbs'),
                      zaxis = list(title = 'Protein')))

Higher calories come with higher carbs and higher protein. The three variables are positively correlated.

8. `plot_ly` Map

Create a map to visualize the number of stores per state, and another for the population by state. Use subplot to put the maps side by side.
Describe the differences if any.

# Set up mapping details
set_map_details <- list(
  scope = 'usa',
  projection = list(type = 'albers usa'),
  showlakes = TRUE,
  lakecolor = toRGB('steelblue')
)

# Make sure both maps are on the same color scale
shadeLimit <- 125

# Create hover text
sb_locs_state$hover <- with(sb_locs_state, paste("Number of Starbucks: ", n_stores, '<br>', "State: ", state.y, '<br>', "Population: ", population))

# Create the map
map1 <- plot_geo()
map1


map2 <- plot_geo()
map2

subplot(map1, map2)

Lab 11 - Interactive Visualization

Learning Goals

Lab Description

Steps

0. Install and load libraries

1. Read in the data

2. Look at the data

3. Format the data

4. Use `ggplotly` for EDA

5. Scatterplots using `plot_ly()`

6. `plot_ly` Boxplots

7. 3D Scatterplot

8. `plot_ly` Map

Lab 11 - Interactive Visualization

Learning Goals

Lab Description

Steps

0. Install and load libraries

1. Read in the data

2. Look at the data

3. Format the data

4. Use ggplotly for EDA

5. Scatterplots using plot_ly()

6. plot_ly Boxplots

7. 3D Scatterplot

8. plot_ly Map

4. Use `ggplotly` for EDA

5. Scatterplots using `plot_ly()`

6. `plot_ly` Boxplots

8. `plot_ly` Map